对比Spring Boot中的JdbcClient与JdbcTemplate
本文我们一起看看Spring Boot中 JdbcClient 和 JdbcTemplate 之间的差异。
以下内容使用的Java和Spring Boot版本为：
- Java 21
- Spring Boot 3.2.1
假设我们有一个ICustomerService接口：
public interface ICustomerService {
List<Customer> getAllCustomer();
Optional<Customer> getCustomerById(int id);
void insert(Customer customer);
void update(int id, Customer customer);
void delete(int id);
}
其中，涵盖了我们常见的数据CRUD操作。
下面就来一起看看，分别使用 JDBC Client 和 JDBC Template 的实现。
初始化对比
JdbcTemplate的初始化：
private final JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
public CustomerJdbcTemplateService(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate){
this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
}
JdbcClient的初始化；
private final JdbcClient jdbcClient;
public CustomerJdbcClientService(JdbcClient jdbcClient){
this.jdbcClient = jdbcClient;
}
增删改查的实现对比
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查询的实现对比
getAllCustomer查询返回集合数据的实现对比：
// jdbcTemplate实现
private final RowMapper<Customer> rowMapper = (rs, row)
-> new Customer(rs.getInt("id"), rs.getString("name"), rs.getString("lastname"), rs.getDate("birthday"));
public List<Customer> getAllCustomer() {
return jdbcTemplate.query("select id, name, lastname, birthday from customer", rowMapper);
}
// jdbcClient实现
public List<Customer> getAllCustomer(){
return jdbcClient.sql("select id, name, lastname, birthday from customer").query(Customer.class).list();
}
getCustomerById查询返回单条数据的实现对比：
// jdbcTemplate实现
public Optional<Customer> getCustomerById(int id) {
Customer customer = null;
try {
customer = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select id, name, lastname, birthday from customer where id = ?", rowMapper, id );
} catch (DataAccessException ex){
LOG.error("Data not found. Id parameter: " + id, ex);
}
return Optional.ofNullable(customer);
}
// jdbcClient实现
public Optional<Customer> getCustomerById(int id){
return jdbcClient.sql("select id, name, lastname, birthday from customer where id= :id")
.param("id", id)
.query(Customer.class)
.optional();
}
insert插入数据的实现对比
// jdbcTemplate实现
public void insert(Customer customer) {
int inserted = jdbcTemplate.update("insert into customer (id, name, lastname, birthday) values (?,?,?,?)",
customer.id(), customer.name(), customer.lastname(),customer.birthday());
Assert.state(inserted == 1 , "An exception error occurred while inserting customer");
}
// jdbcClient实现
public void insert(Customer customer){
int inserted = jdbcClient.sql("insert into customer (id, name, lastname, birthday) values (?,?,?,?)")
.params(List.of(customer.id(), customer.name(), customer.lastname(), customer.birthday()))
.update();
Assert.state(inserted == 1 , "An exception error occurred while inserting customer");
}
update更新数据的实现对比
// jdbcTemplate实现
public void update(int id, Customer customer) {
int updated = jdbcTemplate.update("update customer set name = ?, lastname = ?, birthday = ? where id = ? ",
customer.name(), customer.lastname(),customer.birthday(), id);
Assert.state(updated == 1 , "An exception error occurred while updating customer");
}
// jdbcClient实现
public void update(int id, Customer customer){
int updated = jdbcClient.sql("update customer set name = ?, lastname = ?, birthday = ? where id = ?")
.params(List.of(customer.name(), customer.lastname(), customer.birthday(), id))
.update();
Assert.state(updated == 1, "An exception error occurred while updating customer");
}
delete删除数据的实现对比
// jdbcTemplate实现
public void delete(int id) {
int deleted = jdbcTemplate.update("delete from customer where id = ?", id);
Assert.state(deleted == 1 , "An exception error occurred while deleting customer");
}
// jdbcClient实现
public void delete(int id) {
int deleted = jdbcClient.sql("delete from customer where id = :id").param("id",id).update();
Assert.state(deleted == 1, "An exception error occurred while updating customer");
}
总结
上面我们分别演示了JdbcClient 和 JdbcTemplate从初始化到真正执行增删改查操作的代码样例。总体上来说，JdbcClient的实现更为简洁方便。如果不考虑其他ORM框架的情况下，在未来的Spring Boot版本中，我会更偏向于选择JdbcClient来操作数据库。那么您觉得怎么样呢？留言区一起聊聊～
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