EMQX配置ssl/tls双向认证+EMQX http客户端设备认证(Java实现)_真实业务实践

一.使用docker搭建Emqx

1.拉取emqx镜像

docker pull emqx/emqx:5.7

2.运行

docker run -d --name emqx  emqx/emqx:5.7

3.拷贝 docker中 etc data log 到宿主机的 /opt/emqx 下

mkdir -p /opt/emqx
docker cp emqx:/opt/emqx/etc /opt/emqx
docker cp emqx:/opt/emqx/log /opt/emqx
docker cp emqx:/opt/emqx/data /opt/emqx

4.重新部署

docker rm -f emqx
## 授权目录
chmod -R 777 /opt/emqx/data /opt/emqx/log /opt/emqx/etc
docker run -d  --memory 2G --read-only --name emqx  -v /opt/emqx/data:/opt/emqx/data -v /opt/emqx/etc:/opt/emqx/etc -v /opt/emqx/log:/opt/emqx/log  -p 1883:1883 -p 8083:8083 -p 8084:8084 -p 8883:8883 -p 18083:18083 emqx/emqx:5.7

5.打开 1883(TCP)、8083、8084、8883(SSL)、18083 服务器安全组(端口);浏览器输入IP:18083   默认账号密码:admin   public

二.配置ssl/tls双向认证

1.生成自签名的CA key和证书

cd /opt/emqx/etc/certs
openssl genrsa -out ca.key 2048
openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -key ca.key -sha256 -days 36500 -out ca.pem -subj "/C=CN/ST=ZheJiang/L=HangZhou/O=HY/CN=SelfCA"

2.生成服务器端的key和证书

openssl genrsa -out emqx.key 2048
openssl req -new -key ./emqx.key -config /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf -out emqx.csr

注意这里因为 openssl.cnf 目录不同可能报错

 执行以下指令 openssl version -a 获取 openssl.cnf 目录 (如果没有则需要安装 openssl)

 修改一下 openssl.cnf 目录继续进行下一步

openssl req -new -key ./emqx.key -config /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf -out emqx.csr

## 注意 openssl.cnf 目录地址
openssl x509 -req -in ./emqx.csr -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out emqx.pem -days 36500 -sha256 -extensions v3_req -extfile /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf

3.生成客户端key和证书

openssl genrsa -out client.key 2048
openssl req -new -key client.key -out client.csr -subj "/C=CN/ST=ZheJiang/L=HangZhou/O=HY/CN=client"
openssl x509 -req -days 36500 -in client.csr -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out client.pem

4.修改配置文件

通过以上三步生成了以下九个文件

 修改 vim /opt/emqx/etc/emqx.conf 文件:在末尾 加入以下配置

listeners.tcp.default {
  bind = "0.0.0.0:1883"
  max_connections = 512000
}

listeners.ssl.default {
  bind = "0.0.0.0:8883"
  max_connections = 512000
  ssl_options {
    keyfile = "/opt/emqx/etc/certs/emqx.key"
    certfile = "/opt/emqx/etc/certs/emqx.pem"
    cacertfile = "/opt/emqx/etc/certs/ca.pem"
    ## password = "123456"
    verify = verify_peer
    fail_if_no_peer_cert = true
  }
}

5.重启emqx

docker restart emqx

6.测试工具连接

下载 MQTTX桌面连接工具:https://mqttx.app/zh/downloads ;双向认证需要 ca 证书、客户端证书、客户端证书key,如下图所示

 没有配置客户端认证,所以密码可以为空

 到此,MQTT搭建、双向认证已经完成!

三.HTTP客户端认证

1.EMQX认证简介

EMQX认证:MQTT每次连接时会先走这里进行一个认证过程,EMQX提供了Password-Base、JWT、SCRAM三种认证方式;其中Password-Base又提供了 内置数据库、MySQL、MongoDB、PostgreSQL、Redis、LDAP、HTTP等多种认证过程,前几种都是基于数据库的认证,通过连接时去执行对应的SQL来判断登录用户有没有在数据库中存在来进行简单的认证。HTTP 则是通过连接时调用自定义的HTTP/HTTPS 接口来实现认证,使用HTTP认证可以更灵活的根据自己的业务流程来进行更复杂的认证。

2.具体认证流程

2.1.前置条件

 2.2.规约 参照阿里云IOT平台   https://help.aliyun.com/zh/iot/user-guide/establish-mqtt-connections-over-tcp?spm=a2c4g.11186623.0.0.6212282cO9B7oJ

2.2.1假设:

clientId = 666666,productkey=a1PzPc1bRRN,deviceName = 5D3B393432C3 timestamp=1719309618signmethod=hmacsha1

 连接时MQTT的三个入参:

clientid
666666|signmethod=hmacsha1,timestamp=1719309618|
username
5D3B393432C3&a1PzPc1bRRN
username

hmacSha1

(clientid666666devicename5D3B393432C3productkeya1PzPc1bRRNtimestamp1719309618)

.toHexString 


 

 

 

  

2.2.2描述:

clientid:使用设备clientid + 签名方法 + 时间戳组成

username:设备DN + & + 产品PK组成

password:  clientid666666devicename5D3B393432C3productkeya1PzPc1bRRNtimestamp1719309618 字符串使用设备的 deviceSecret 为秘钥进行hmacSha1加密,然后转16进制字符串

2.3服务端收到MQTT连接信息:

根据 username 信息获取到设备PK和DN ---> 到数据库查询秘钥信息 ----> 根据 clientid参数获取clientid、时间戳、签名方法  ---->  使用从数据库获取的秘钥对参数进行加密得到新得password ---->  比对两个密码是否相同 ---> 完成验证设备连接到MQTT。

3.控制台配置

 4.HTTP认证代码示例

/**
 * @description:  MQTT认证接口
 * @author: zhouhong
 * @date: 2024-06-20 18:20
 */
@Log4j2
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/mqtt")
public class MqttAuthController {
    @Resource
    private IotDeviceMapper iotDeviceMapper;
    @RequestMapping("/check")
    public MqttAuthRes check(@RequestBody MqttAuthParam mqttAuthParam) {
        log.info("1.入参:" + mqttAuthParam.toString());
        MqttAuthRes authRes = new MqttAuthRes();
        if (ObjectUtil.isNotNull(mqttAuthParam)) {
            // 超级用户、特殊用户,不需要进行设备 PK、DN 验证
            if ("username".equals(mqttAuthParam.getUsername()) && "************".equals(mqttAuthParam.getPassword())) {
                authRes.setResult("allow");
                authRes.setIs_superuser(true);
                return authRes;
            } else if ("admin".equals(mqttAuthParam.getUsername()) && "************".equals(mqttAuthParam.getPassword())) {
                authRes.setResult("allow");
                authRes.setIs_superuser(true);
                return authRes;
            } else {
                // 对普通设备进行鉴权认证
                // 1. 根据PK、DN查询数据库设备的DS信息
                String username = mqttAuthParam.getUsername();
                if (!username.contains("&")) {
                    throw new RuntimeException("设备登录MQTT账号格式错误");
                }
                String[] nameArr = username.split("&");
                String dn = nameArr[0];
                String pk = nameArr[1];
                log.info("3.PK、DN" + pk + "|" + dn);
                String deviceSecret = iotDeviceMapper.getDeviceSecretByPkDn(pk, dn);
                log.info("4.查询到的设备秘钥信息" + deviceSecret);
                if (ObjectUtil.isNotNull(deviceSecret)) {
                    // 3. 校验加密后的结果与传进来的password是否一致
                    String client = mqttAuthParam.getClientid();
                    String[] clientArr = client.split("\\|");
                    String clientid = clientArr[0];
                    String otherParam = clientArr[1];
                    // 时间戳
                    String timestampStr = otherParam.split(",")[1];
                    String timestamp = timestampStr.split("=")[1];
                    // 加密方法
                    String signmethodStr = otherParam.split(",")[0];
                    String signmethod = signmethodStr.split("=")[1];

                    String hexStr = "clientid"+clientid+"devicename"+dn+"productkey"+pk+"timestamp"+timestamp;
                    log.info("5.加密前的字符串" + hexStr);
                    // 对 hexStr 使用deviceSecret 进行加密
                    String password = "";
                    switch (signmethod.toLowerCase()) {
                        case "hmacsha1" -> {
                            password = HmacUtil.encrypt(hexStr, deviceSecret, HmacUtil.HMAC_SHA1);
                        }
                        case "hmacsha256" -> {
                            password = HmacUtil.encrypt(hexStr, deviceSecret, HmacUtil.HMAC_SHA256);
                        }
                        case "hmacsha512" -> {
                            password = HmacUtil.encrypt(hexStr, deviceSecret, HmacUtil.HMAC_SHA512);
                        }
                        case "hmacmd5" -> {
                            password = HmacUtil.encrypt(hexStr, deviceSecret, HmacUtil.HMAC_MD5);
                        }
                        default -> {
                        }
                    }
                    log.info("6.加密后的字符串" + password);
                    if (!Objects.equals(password.toUpperCase(), "") && password.equalsIgnoreCase(mqttAuthParam.getPassword())) {
                        authRes.setResult("allow");
                        authRes.setIs_superuser(true);
                        log.info("7.鉴权成功");
                        return authRes;
                    } else {
                        authRes.setResult("deny");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        authRes.setResult("deny");
        return authRes;
    }
}

四. Java基于双向认证连接MQTT

    public static SSLSocketFactory getSocketFactory(final String caCrtFile, final String crtFile, final String keyFile, final String password) throws Exception {
        InputStream caInputStream = null;
        InputStream crtInputStream = null;
        InputStream keyInputStream = null;
        try {
            Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
            CertificateFactory cf = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
            caInputStream = new ClassPathResource(caCrtFile).getInputStream();
            X509Certificate caCert = null;
            while (caInputStream.available() > 0) {
                caCert = (X509Certificate) cf.generateCertificate(caInputStream);
            }
            crtInputStream = new ClassPathResource(crtFile).getInputStream();
            X509Certificate cert = null;
            while (crtInputStream.available() > 0) {
                cert = (X509Certificate) cf.generateCertificate(crtInputStream);
            }
            keyInputStream = new ClassPathResource(keyFile).getInputStream();
            PEMParser pemParser = new PEMParser(new InputStreamReader(keyInputStream));
            Object object = pemParser.readObject();
            PEMDecryptorProvider decProv = new JcePEMDecryptorProviderBuilder().build(password.toCharArray());
            JcaPEMKeyConverter converter = new JcaPEMKeyConverter().setProvider("BC");
            KeyPair key;
            if (object instanceof PEMEncryptedKeyPair) {
                key = converter.getKeyPair(((PEMEncryptedKeyPair) object).decryptKeyPair(decProv));
            } else {
                key = converter.getKeyPair((PEMKeyPair) object);
            }
            pemParser.close();
            KeyStore caKs = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
            caKs.load(null, null);
            caKs.setCertificateEntry("ca-certificate", caCert);
            TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance("X509");
            tmf.init(caKs);
            KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
            ks.load(null, null);
            ks.setCertificateEntry("certificate", cert);
            ks.setKeyEntry("private-key", key.getPrivate(), password.toCharArray(), new java.security.cert.Certificate[]{cert});
            KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance(KeyManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
            kmf.init(ks, password.toCharArray());
            SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLSv1.2");
            context.init(kmf.getKeyManagers(), tmf.getTrustManagers(), null);
            return context.getSocketFactory();
        }
        finally {
            if (null != caInputStream) {
                caInputStream.close();
            }
            if (null != crtInputStream) {
                crtInputStream.close();
            }
            if (null != keyInputStream) {
                keyInputStream.close();
            }
        }
    }

这里只提供解析证书的代码,连接时直接放进去即可,如果有需要可以私信我发全代码

 

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