SpringMVC拦截器和异常处理机制
SpringMVC拦截器和异常处理机制
概念
SpringMVC拦截器类似于过滤器,用于进行预处理和后处理
将拦截器按照一定顺序连接成一条链,就是拦截器链
拦截器和过滤器区别
拦截器的快速入门
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创建拦截器类实现HandlerInterceptor接口
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配置拦截器
<!-- 配置拦截器--> <mvc:interceptors> <mvc:interceptor> <!-- 对那些资源执行拦截操作,这是对所有资源执行--> <mvc:mapping path="/**/"/> <bean class="com.myspring.interceptor.MyHandlerInterceptor"></bean> </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors>
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测试拦截器的拦截效果
package com.myspring.interceptor; import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class MyHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { // 覆盖三个方法 //在目标方法(控制类中对应方法)执行前执行 @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { String param = request.getParameter("param"); if("yes".equals(param)){ // 返回值为false不放行,true放行 return true; } else { request.getRequestDispatcher("/error.js").forward(request,response); return false; } } //在目标方法执行之后,视图返回之前执行 @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { modelAndView.addObject("name","xiaoming"); } //在整个流程都执行完毕后执行 @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception { } }
三个方法的执行:在配置文件中依次配置两个拦截器分别为1和2,则执行顺序是:1的 preHandle >2的preHandle>2的postHandle>1的postHandle>2的afterCompletion>1的afterCompletion
SpringMVC异常处理机制
如图:
异常处理的两种方式:
- 使用springmvc通过的简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver
- 使用Spring的异常处理接口HandlerExceptionResolver自定义自己的异常处理器
SimpleMappingExceptionResolver
主要需要进行相应异常与视图的映射配置
在springmvc的配置文件中:
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<!-- 默认错误页面-->
<property name="defaultErrorView" value="error"/>
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<map>
<entry key="java.lang.ClassCastException" value="error1"/>
<entry key="java.lang.ClassNotFoundException" value="error2"/>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
HandlerExceptionResolver自定义异常处理器
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创建异常处理器类实现HandlerExceptionResolver
public class MyExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver { @Override //参数Exception是异常对象,返回值是你要跳转的错误页面 public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) { ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView(); if(e instanceof Exception){ } modelAndView.setViewName("error.jsp"); return modelAndView; } }
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配置异常处理器
<bean class="com.myspring.domain.MyExceptionResolver"/>
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编写异常页面