iOS开发-手势

2024-07-08 09:07 由机械心发表于 #移动端开发

UIGestureRecognizer 用于检测和处理手势的抽象基类。提供了检测用户手势的基本功能，如点按、滑动、捏合、旋转等。通过使用 UIGestureRecognizer 子类，可以为视图添加手势识别功能，增强用户交互体验。

常见的 UIGestureRecognizer 子类

一些常见的手势识别器子类：

UITapGestureRecognizer：检测点按手势。
UIPinchGestureRecognizer：检测捏合（缩放）手势。
UIRotationGestureRecognizer：检测旋转手势。
UISwipeGestureRecognizer：检测滑动手势。
UIPanGestureRecognizer：检测平移（拖动）手势。
UILongPressGestureRecognizer：检测长按手势。

使用 UIGestureRecognizer

添加手势识别器

创建手势识别器
配置手势识别器
将手势识别器添加到视图

#import "ViewController.h"

@interface ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    
    self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    
    UIView *gestureView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(50, 100, 300, 400)];
    gestureView.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
    [self.view addSubview:gestureView];
    
    // 添加点按手势识别器
    UITapGestureRecognizer *tapGesture = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(handleTap:)];
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:tapGesture];
    
    // 添加捏合手势识别器
    UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinchGesture = [[UIPinchGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(handlePinch:)];
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:pinchGesture];
    
    // 添加旋转手势识别器
    UIRotationGestureRecognizer *rotationGesture = [[UIRotationGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(handleRotation:)];
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:rotationGesture];
    
    // 添加滑动手势识别器
    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeGesture = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(handleSwipe:)];
    swipeGesture.direction = UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionRight; // 设置滑动方向
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:swipeGesture];
    
    // 添加平移手势识别器
    UIPanGestureRecognizer *panGesture = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(handlePan:)];
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:panGesture];
    
    // 添加长按手势识别器
    UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPressGesture = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(handleLongPress:)];
    [gestureView addGestureRecognizer:longPressGesture];
}

// 点按手势处理方法
- (void)handleTap:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)gesture {
    NSLog(@"Tap detected");
}

// 捏合手势处理方法
- (void)handlePinch:(UIPinchGestureRecognizer *)gesture {
    if (gesture.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged) {
        gesture.view.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(gesture.view.transform, gesture.scale, gesture.scale);
        gesture.scale = 1.0;
    }
}

// 旋转手势处理方法
- (void)handleRotation:(UIRotationGestureRecognizer *)gesture {
    if (gesture.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged) {
        gesture.view.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(gesture.view.transform, gesture.rotation);
        gesture.rotation = 0.0;
    }
}

// 滑动手势处理方法
- (void)handleSwipe:(UISwipeGestureRecognizer *)gesture {
    NSLog(@"Swipe detected");
}

// 平移手势处理方法
- (void)handlePan:(UIPanGestureRecognizer *)gesture {
    CGPoint translation = [gesture translationInView:gesture.view];
    gesture.view.center = CGPointMake(gesture.view.center.x + translation.x, gesture.view.center.y + translation.y);
    [gesture setTranslation:CGPointZero inView:gesture.view];
}

// 长按手势处理方法
- (void)handleLongPress:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)gesture {
    if (gesture.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan) {
        NSLog(@"Long press detected");
    }
}

@end

手势识别器的属性和方法

属性
- enabled：一个布尔值，指示手势识别器是否启用。
- state：手势识别器的当前状态（例如 UIGestureRecognizerStatePossible、UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan 等）。
- view：手势识别器附加的视图。
- cancelsTouchesInView：一个布尔值，指示手势识别器是否阻止触摸事件传递到视图。
方法
- - (void)addTarget:(id)target action:(SEL)action;：添加目标和动作。
- - (void)removeTarget:(id)target action:(SEL)action;：移除目标和动作。
- - (void)requireGestureRecognizerToFail:(UIGestureRecognizer *)otherGestureRecognizer;：要求另一个手势识别器失败，才能识别当前手势。

手势识别器的状态

手势识别器的状态（UIGestureRecognizerState）有以下几种：

UIGestureRecognizerStatePossible：手势识别器没有识别到手势，但可能会在未来识别到。
UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan：手势识别器识别到手势开始。
UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged：手势识别器识别到手势发生变化。
UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded：手势识别器识别到手势结束。
UIGestureRecognizerStateCancelled：手势识别器识别到手势被取消。
UIGestureRecognizerStateFailed：手势识别器识别到手势失败。