Docker获取Let`s Encrypt SSL 证书
文中的操作都是在CentOS Stream release 9下执行的,使用的是root用户。
1. 安装docker
# 卸载原有的docker
yum remove docker docker-client docker-client-latest docker-common docker-latest docker-latest-logrotate docker-logrotate docker-engine
# 安装依赖
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
# 配置docker-ce源
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# 安装docker
yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin
# 安装docker-compose
wget https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.17.2/docker-compose-linux-x86_64
chmod +x docker-compose-linux-x86_64 && mv docker-compose-linux-x86_64 /usr/local/bin/docker-compose && ldconfig
2. Let`s Encrypt及Certbot介绍
关于Let`s Encrypt可以参见这里。
certbot安装使用参加这里。
3. Docker运行Certbot获取证书
为了方便维护、升级,同时也避免破坏本地的开发环境,我这里使用docker方式来运行certbot。整个过程分为两步:首次申请证书和证书更新。
3.1 首次申请证书
因为我的文章都是通过jekyll运行的静态网站,之后会通过nginx来运行,所以这里就以nginx为例来配置网站的tls证书。
- 创建nginx配置文件
default.conf
:
server {
listen 80;
server_name example.com www.example.com;
# 高优先级,仅用于更新证书
location ~ /.well-known/acme-challenge {
allow all;
root /data/letsencrypt;
}
}
- docker-compose文件:
version: '3.3'
services:
nginx:
image: nginx:1.23.4-alpine
container_name: frontend
volumes:
- ./default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
- ./frontend:/usr/share/nginx/html
ports:
- 80:80
- 启动web服务:
docker-compse up -d
- 启动
certbot
申请证书:
docker run --rm -it -v ./certbot/etc/letsencrypt:/etc/letsencrypt -v ./certbot/var/log/letsencrpt:/var/log/letsencrypt -v ./frontend:/data/letsencrypt certbot/certbot:latest certonly --webroot --email [email protected] --agree-tos --no-eff-email --webroot-path=/data/letsencrypt -d example.com -d example.com
运行结束后可以在./certbot/etc/letsencrypt/live
目录下找到example.com
文件夹,其中包含证书文件fullchain.pem
和私钥文件privkey.pem
。
- 停止web服务:
docker-compose down
- 更新compose文件:
version: '3.3'
services:
nginx:
image: nginx:1.23.4-alpine
container_name: frontend
volumes:
- ./default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
# - ./frontend:/usr/share/nginx/html
- ./certbot/etc/letsencrypt/live:/letsencrypt/live # 当前证书目录
- ./certbot/etc/letsencrypt/archive:/letsencrypt/archive # 历史证书目录
- ./dhparam-2048.pem:/letsencrypt/dhparam-2048.pem # 使用2048位DH(Diffie-Hellman)参数
ports:
- 80:80
- 443:443
2048为DH参数生成命令:openssl dhparam -out ./dhparam-2048.pem 2048
- 更新nginx配置文件
# 处理http请求
server {
listen 80;
server_name example.com www.example.com;
# 重定向到https
location / {
rewrite ^ https://$host$request_uri? permanent;
}
# 高优先级,仅用于更新证书
location ~ /.well-known/acme-challenge {
allow all;
root /data/letsencrypt;
}
}
# 处理https请求
server {
listen 443 ssl http2;
server_name example.com www.example.com;
server_tokens off;
ssl_certificate /letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem;
ssl_buffer_size 8k;
ssl_dhparam /letsencrypt/dhparam-2048.pem; # 使用2048位DH参数,加强安全
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.1 TLSv1;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
ssl_ciphers ECDH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+3DES:!ADH:!AECDH:!MD5;
ssl_ecdh_curve secp384r1;
ssl_session_tickets off;
# OCSP stapling
ssl_stapling on;
ssl_stapling_verify on;
resolver 8.8.8.8;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html;
}
- 重新启动web服务:
docker-compose up -d
3.2 证书更新
- 通过以下脚本可以实现证书更新:
#!/bin/bash
docker run -it --rm \
-v ./certbot/etc/letsencrypt:/etc/letsencrypt \
-v ./certbot/var/lib/letsencrypt:/var/lib/letsencrypt \
-v ./certbot/var/log/letsencrypt:/var/log/letsencrypt \
-v ./site:/data/letsencrypt \
certbot/certbot \
renew --webroot -w /data/letsencrypt --quiet && docker kill --signal=HUP frontend
- crontab -e新增一条定时任务,每月1号00:00更新一次证书:
0 0 1 * * {{YOURPATH}}/renew.sh
声明:本作品采用署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际 (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)进行许可,使用时请注明出处。
Author: mengbin
blog: mengbin
Github: mengbin92
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